| REVIEW ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2018 | Volume
: 7
| Issue : 3 | Page : 127-138 |
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Molecular mechanism of vasoprotective effects of Vitamin D
Leta Melaku1, Andualem Mossie2
1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia
2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
Correspondence Address:
Mr. Leta Melaku
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Asella, Oromia
Ethiopia
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_46_17
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Vitamin D is a prohormone which is converted into its active hormonal form 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) in order to activate targeted genes to engender its biological actions. Through both 1,25(OH)2D3-dependent and 1,25(OH)2D3-independent Vitamin D receptor, it actions may involve more than one single receptor and ligand. Vitamin D plays important, pleiotropic role primarily in the maintenance of calcium and phosphate homeostasis by influencing the balance between bone resorption and formation. However, its influence goes far beyond the regulation of mineral homeostasis as diverse activities of Vitamin D assure through both genomic and nongenomic pathways, and it has a physiological value upon vascular health. It has been shown to protect against endothelial dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, and modulation of the immune system as well as the inflammatory response. In addition, vitamin D has been shown to have systemic effects on insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Although some vitamin D is essential for cardiovascular health, excess may have detrimental effects, particularly on elastogenesis and inflammation of the arterial wall. This review explores the physiological role of vitamin D in vascular health protection.
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